Coffee Beignets - 1408 Words

New Orleans, Louisiana, a city most known for its tasty seafood, its French cuisine, and its largest celebration of Mardi Gras in the nation, also has a long history of being innovative when it comes to the subject of music. This can be proven when looking at the creation of multiple musical genres including jazz. Most notably, Dixieland Jazz or New Orleans style jazz took root in the city throughout the early 20th century. Throughout this period, many artists began to implement this new style of music that derived ultimately from the roots of jazz. In this, New Orleans became an incubator for an expansive and igniting fuse in the music industry and set the stage for one of the greatest African American jazz musicians: Louis Armstrong. Because of Armstrong’s innovative improvisation, music, and singing, he became the leading trumpet player and one of the most influential artists in jazz history. Louis Armstrong, better known as Sactchmo which is short for â€Å"Satchel mouth†, was born on August 4, 1901 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The product of a household servant and textile worker, Armstrong consequently grew up poor in a neighborhood known as â€Å"The Battlefield.† Because of his family’s lack of financial resources, Armstrong’s mother, Mayann, was forced to participate in illegal acts such as prostituting in order to provide for him and his sister. Armstrong, in an attempt to keep his mother off the street, began to work as a paperboy. Through this work, Louis began to exploreShow MoreRelatedA Study On New Orleans Essay1080 Words   |  5 Pages| 33 For more than two centuries, coffee has been a fundamental part of the culinary and social culture of New Orleans. It’s not just the city’s penchant for chicory cafà © au lait served alongside warm beignets. Nor is it just landmark gathering spots like Cafà © du Monde and or Morning Call Coffee Stand that spawned the notion of the laborers’ coffee break and served locals and tourists for generations. And it isn’t solely boozy Cafà © Brulà ´t, the brandy-spiked coffee drink New Orleans families serveRead MoreCulinary And Social Culture Of New Orleans Essay1135 Words   |  5 Pages For more than two centuries, coffee has long been a fundamental part of the culinary and social culture of New Orleans. It’s not just the city’s penchant for chicory cafà © au lait served alongside warm beignets. Nor is it just landmark gathering spots like Cafà © du Monde or Morning Call Coffee Stand that spawned the notion of the laborers’ coffee break and served locals and tourists for generations. And it isn’t solely boozy Cafà © Brulà ´t, the brandy-spiked coffee drink New Orleans families serveRead MoreMy Experience In My Summer808 Words   |  4 Pagesmy whole family, but this time my parents and I were the only ones who went. On the first day we went to Cafà © Du Monde, which is an original French market stand that has been around since 1862. The best part of the cafà © was the wonderful coffee and fresh beignets. We were only in New Orleans for three days, so we did not do a lot, but we did get a chance to have some astonishing fried catfish outside of New Orleans. The best part about this trip was probably going to the NOLA Motorsports Park becauseRead More Comparison Between City London And New Orleans1094 Words   |  5 Pageseverything I’ve seen down here. Then there is the Factory Tour of Mardi Gras where you can see the magic happen right in front of your eyes on how they make everything come a life it’s crazy! And for food go to the Cafà © du Monde, where u can get coffee and beignets very nice place to eat. For London you can go to Relive The Olympics which is Queen Elizabeth’s Olympic park., you can go to Historic Houses and enjoy leaving the 21st century behind, Or even to get your culture fixed. London is the home ofRead More Mardi Gras Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesstrong alcoholic beverage served in a twenty-nine ounce hand blown crested glass. These glasses are then yours to take home, a great souvenir! If its coffee you crave, take a stroll or carriage ride through the Quarter and over to Cafe du Monde. Its famous for its beignets, a square-shaped donut minus the hole, dusted w/ powdered sugar, gr eat w/ coffee. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The culture of New Orleans is at its best during Mardi Gras. However so are hotels, so if youre planning on makingRead More Comparison of East and West African food and the influence they had in the U.S.?2301 Words   |  10 Pagesground tomatoes, ground pepper, meat or fish, meat broth or fish broth, onions, vegetable oil or palm oil, and other spices. Puff Puff, which is similar to beignet, is a snack made from deep-frying a dough mixture into circular balls. This is more of a French dish, but much of Africa had French explorers and occupations. The French like to eat beignet with powdered sugar with their cafà ©. Africans like to eat Puff Puff anytime of the day. Puff Puff is easily made and can feed many people. It is sometimesRead MoreEssay On The Story Of A Story.1792 Words   |  8 Pageslurks in the shadows. The sinister warning unnerved her, but she wasnt going to let one persons warning scare her off. For many people, New Orleans was a fun place to stay. Need a drink? Go to Bourbon Street. Want breakfast? Grab some beignets and a cup of coffee at Cafe du Monde. Food was located on every single corner, as well as entertainment. New Orleans was self-sufficient. On the other hand, New Orleans was filled with criminals and crooks, all looking for a second chance. They lurked inRead MorePrincess Diary4746 Words   |  19 PagesAmerican, Cajun, and a hint of Cuban traditions combine to produce a truly unique and easily recognizable Louisiana flavor. Unique specialties include beignets (locally pronounced like ben-yays), square-shaped fried pastries that could be called French doughnuts (served with cafà © au lait made with a blend of coffee and chicory rather than only coffee); Po boy and Italian Muffuletta sandwiches; Gulf oysters on the half-shell, fried oysters, boiled crawfish, and other seafood; à ©touffà ©e, jambalayaRead MoreSample Resume : Regional Cuisine2694 Words   |  11 Pagesricher fried treats such as beignets , they are decidedly delicious and satisfying when eaten hot on the spot or quickly brought home to enjoy while still warm with a pot of Moroccan mint tea . 2. Khringos Khringos are petite, ring-shaped fritters made from the same choux -like dough of Spanish churros . Although most families buy them as a street food, they re not difficult to make at home. Plan to serve them shortly after making them, as they re best fresh. Coffee, tea or hot chocolate are niceRead MoreSample Resume : Regional Cuisine2856 Words   |  12 Pagesricher fried treats such as beignets , they are decidedly delicious and satisfying when eaten hot on the spot or quickly brought home to enjoy while still warm with a pot of Moroccan mint tea . 2. Khringos Khringos are petite, ring-shaped fritters made from the same choux -like dough of Spanish churros . Although most families buy them as a street food, they re not difficult to make at home. Plan to serve them shortly after making them, as they re best fresh. Coffee, tea or hot chocolate are nice

The Benefits Of Exercise And Healthy Eating - 1470 Words

If you walk into a gym on any given day, you will see countless people attempting to improve their well-being by running on an elliptical, lifting weights, and drinking healthy smoothies. Almost everyone knows the benefits of exercise and healthy eating, but few people realize that getting the proper amount of sleep shares some of the same positive benefits. Studies show that a sleep of over eight hours can lead to a stronger immune system, increased memory, and a significant decrease in major health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and heart attacks. In addition, increased sleep is shown to significantly increase an individual s mood, lower their risk of injury, and allow them to have clearer thinking. The benefits of†¦show more content†¦Primary insomnia means that the individual affected is having sleep problems that are not a result of any other health problem or condition. This form of insomnia is most often triggered by sleep apnea, lack of sleep hyg iene, or the fear of insomnia itself. Often times, primary insomnia is a result of poor sleep habits that were developed in youth and continued into adulthood. In addition to the above causes, primary insomnia can be increased by stress. In this category, the trouble of sleeping may or may not have a direct correlation to an individuals’ condition of health. Secondary insomnia, in contrast, is the type of insomnia that is a result of some other underlying issue. This form of insomnia is most commonly associated with the abuse of alcohol and/or drugs, reoccurring nightmares, depression, anxiety, and other medical disorders. Regardless of whether it is primary or secondary insomnia, often times insomnia is brought on from a combination of factors. Insomnia is diagnosed if you are having trouble falling asleep or back to sleep within a half hour of doing so (1). Society has been negatively impacted by the effects of insomnia for centuries, it is only recently that new discover ies have been made. The difficulty in studying insomnia is that the brain is one of the most complex systems that has ever beenShow MoreRelatedExpository Essay1193 Words   |  5 PagesAllison Baughtman Healthy Eating and Exercise Expository Essay Effective Essay Writing Instructor: Jon Castle April 12, 2009 Even though a lot of people make too many excuses for not eating healthy, everyone should eat healthy and exercise regularly because healthy eating and exercise keeps your body healthy and helps you live longer and stronger. There are a lot of benefits to eating healthy. There are also a lot of risks to your health if you chose not to eat healthy. Your future willRead MoreBenefits And Benefits Of Exercising822 Words   |  4 PagesBenefit, noun, or verb, the meaning is simple, something that promotes one’s well-being: to gain. There is not one individual known or unknown that do not desire some sort of benefit, or has not benefitted from a benefit. From positive personal experiences, benefits came in material and non-material forms. While there are numerous ways individuals can benefit this essay will discuss just a few of those benefits that definitely promotes one’s well being, such as exercising, attending college,Read MoreThe Importance of Exercise and Eating Healthy Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesExercise and eating healthy are two of the most important things you need to do to take care of your body properly. Both exercise, and eating healthy, have many advantages and benefits. They help with multiple things needed throughout your life . These things include growing physically, mentally, and if you are religious, spiritually as well. All of this adds up to your body functioning in the highest and best way possible. Exercise, or physical activity helps your body in many ways. For exampleRead MoreHealthy Eating Habits780 Words   |  4 PagesExpository Essay One can benefits by eating healthy to maintain a healthier body simply by eating the proper foods. Eating the proper foods will help increase one’s energy levels just by eating the right nutrients to help one’s body function properly. Nutrients in one’s body will offer other health benefits as well. For example, eating fruits and vegetables can prevent and even reduce health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, strokes just to name a few. According to  Federal Citizen InformationRead MoreApple a Day1539 Words   |  7 PagesAn Apple a Day Keeps the Doctor Away Eating Healthy and exercise are essential to the health and well-being of all people. A healthy diet along with exercise can help you live longer, feel better about better food choices; provide you with more energy, help you stay at a healthy weight, and help you fight stress. Do you want to live longer and be healthier? Then make that first step and maximize the benefits from being active and eating healthier. It is important to make sure and eat fruitsRead MoreHealthy Living Equals Longer Living1270 Words   |  6 Pagesdoes not take care of their body as they age, it shows that those are the main people that have the most complications later in life. All of these diseases would not be ruining peoples’ lives if they would take better care of themselves. Instead of eating a bag of chips one should grab and apple or orange, there are substitutes for the bad things people consume. A person should get out of the house and enjoy some fresh air instead of sitting inside everyday watching TV. These are all examples of badRead MoreTwo Methods of Losing Weight1118 Words   |  5 Pages Simple modifications in one’s diet combined with regular exercise can have a dramatic effect and will encourage habits for a lifetime of healthy weight maintenance. However, it might be difficult to maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle, but eating healthy has benefits to help promote one’s well-being. In today’s society, exercising is more of a necessity in order to live a longer and healthier life. A healthy living lifestyle is much more than focusing on nutrition and fitnessRead More2Why We Must Practice A Healthy Lifestyle1002 Words   |  5 PagesShould We Practice A Healthy Lifestyle? General Purpose: To persuade. S.P.-At the end of my speech my audience will agree that there are a lot of benefits in practicing a healthy lifestyle and everyone should practice a healthy lifestyle. C.I. A healthy lifestyle must be practiced because it promises you good health, strong heart and good stamina and also a high quality of life. LOGOS: Working out and eating well leads to a healthy lifestyle Working out and eating well is somethingRead MoreObesity : Obesity And Obesity1472 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome obese over times for many reasons like feeling there is less of a need to exercise and eat healthy. There are also more fast food selections, which lead to bad eating habits and so on. This causal argument will cover the topic of obesity, why it is important and how it has become major issue in America today. Obesity in America is due to many factors that include: lack of exercise and energy balance, poor eating habits, overeating, work schedules and food advertising. Overeating is one wayRead MoreHow to Lead a Healthy Lifestyle619 Words   |  3 PagesHow can we lead a healthy lifestyle ? A healthy lifestyle means maintaining a balanced and nutritious diet as well as engaging in sports or other fitness related activities. A healthy diet alone however is inadequate to ensure a healthy body as physical activity helps to keep one in shape and free of sickness and disease. According to the World Health Organization, only one in ten people exercise regularly and a majority do not follow a healthy diet. The main culprit is our penchant for junk

The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely Free Essays

Mark Magnier’s article about the â€Å"crisis of trust† in China could have a more powerful impact. The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely – we have been dealing with fake, harmful Chinese products here in America for years, and we naturally expect that without the consumer protection laws that about here at home, consumers in China would be subject to even more terrible scams.   This should be viewed as an atrocity of the free market, one which America tamed long ago through consumer movements after we had learned our lesson during the unrestrained capitalism of the early 20th century. We will write a custom essay sample on The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely or any similar topic only for you Order Now But the article lacks passion.   Although it is journalistically correct to end sentences in periods, this doesn’t mean that they shouldn’t have the impact of exclamation points.   Take, for example, the following sentence: â€Å"[l]and that farmers have tilled for generations can be seized on a moment’s notice in a system that doesn’t recognize private property.† It bumbles awkwardly through a critical point and is stymied by a few too many prepositional phrases.   It leaves the reader unenraged about the fact that what our Founders considered a pillar of society – Property, next in line only to Life and Liberty – is totally absent from the world’s most populous country. The author of the article is unable to bring the points home.   The baby formula example could easily be reinforced by the image of a sickly Gerber baby, or the reminder that it is a product we have taken for granted for decades.   In an article like this one, connecting prominent American brands to the scandals taking place abroad – placing the reader in the shoes of the foreigner – would have left a much more lasting impression than the distant, dispassionate analysis offered here. And let’s not start on the hackneyed, irrelevant clichà © that the author leads with. How to cite The key problem with its impact is that it is not timely, Papers

Non-Indigenous People of The Urban

Question: 1.The Health Promotion Poster ? Answer : Introducation: As portrayed in the poster in the figure 1, the targeted audiences are the non-indigenous people of Australia. More precisely, the proper target audience for the poster is the non-indigenous people of the urban places of Australia. The chief issue that has been drawn in the poster is the issue of racism on the indigenous people of Australia, even in the urban place where due to the practice of racism on the indigenous people of Australia by the non-indigenous people of Australia is increasing the level of mental depression and anxiety among the indigenous people. The poster is primarily indicative of the fact that racial discrimination in a society only ends up in inflicting mental harm upon the human individuals who becomes the victim of such acts. Event it has been seen from several evidences that because of the reason of racial discrimination and bully, people often ends their lives by committing suicide, which is considered as the extreme form of depression and anxiety (Ben et al ., 2014). In the context, it is significant to mention that the initial product of racism upon humanity is distress, an application of which causes extreme depression, anxiety and frustration. In the context of the poster, it is significant to mention that the portrayed aspect is indicative of the racial discrimination, which is frequent on the indigenous people of Australia. It is evident from several researches that presently, near about half of the Australian urban citizens are racist towards the aboriginal or indigenous people. In urban places, indigenous or aboriginal people encounter racial criticisms and jokes in social premises like work place. Through several researches, it has been identified that racism comes through verbal and non-verbal bullies, which leaves them insulted and frustrated (Ben et al., 2014). It is a high time that the non-indigenous people will understand their flaws and behave themselves, so that further no indigenous individual would have to take the decision of killing him/her self. It is to contemplate here that probably the notion of racially discriminating indigenous people of Australian even in the urban places has taken place from the time when the in 1788 the indigenous people of Australian have been disposed from their homeland by Britain. It is astonishing to denote that racial discrimination against the indigenous people by the non-indigenous people in the urban places of Australia is regarded as a common behaviour. Furthermore, by the campaign of beyondblue, it has been identified that one in every urban Australian individual has admitted that they would like to discriminate most of the time when they would find an indigenous individual. Most significantly, it is required to mention here that for a very long time, racism against the indigenous people is considered to be an automatic response according to the non-indigenous people of Australia (Freeman et al., 2014). It is unfortunate too that the likelihood and measures to intervene or to reduce racism against the indigenous people are limited. The statement is true as per the evidence that the statistic is indicative of the fact that up until now more than 97% of the indigenous people both from urban and rural places of Australia (Herring et al., 2013). On the other hand, according to 87% of the Australian people have agreed with the fact that racism as well as racial prejudices are still growing the under belly of Australia. In terms of consequence, it has been found out that more than 65% of the aboriginal people of Australian suffer from depression and anxiety because of facing racial prejudice in workplace and in market places (Hollinsworth, 2016). It has been identified that most of the time the young to middle aged generation are targeted for the racist bully. The content of the poster would work as a message for the non-indigenous people who often practice racial discrimination with the aboriginal people of Australia. The poster would indicate them the truth that indigenous or aboriginal people of the country have complete rights to live a life where they can access all the service and honour, which the non-indigenous people enjoy. Most significantly, it can be said that the poster would particularly target the non-indigenous people of Queensland where the rate of racial discrimination against the aboriginal people. In this respect, it is essential to say that the local community of Queensland think that aboriginal people are given with extra benefits by the government (Ruhanen Whitford, 2016). Most of the non-indigenous people believe that indigenous or aboriginal people are lazy and they are enjoying unfair advantages by the Australian government. The result is worse as it has been identified that the rate of suicide due to extreme depression and hypertension and in most of the cases it has been found that the reason has been racism in social places along with the issue of low income and lack of social access. Therefore, the poster will work as an awareness message for the non-indigenous people of the Queensland specifically and other places of Australia. Reference Ben, J., Paradies, Y., Priest, N., Parker, E. J., Roberts?Thomson, K. F., Lawrence, H. P., ... Jamieson, L. M. (2014). Self?reported racism and experience of toothache among pregnant Aboriginal Australians: the role of perceived stress, sense of control, and social support.Journal of public health dentistry,74(4), 301-309. Freeman, T., Edwards, T., Baum, F., Lawless, A., Jolley, G., Javanparast, S., Francis, T. (2014). Cultural respect strategies in Australian Aboriginal primary health care services: beyond education and training of practitioners.Australian and New Zealand journal of public health,38(4), 355-361. Herring, S., Spangaro, J., Lauw, M., McNamara, L. (2013). The intersection of trauma, racism, and cultural competence in effective work with aboriginal people: Waiting for trust.Australian Social Work,66(1), 104-117. Hollinsworth, D. (2016). Unsettling Australian settler supremacy: combating resistance in university Aboriginal studies.Race ethnicity and education,19(2), 412-432. Ruhanen, L., Whitford, M. (2016). Racism as an inhibitor to the organisational legitimacy of Indigenous tourism businesses in Australia.Current Issues in Tourism, 1-15.

Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res Essay Example For Students

Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res Essay traint The primary responsibility of the Supreme Court is to discuss and settle all matters that warrant federal attention. As a result, the Supreme Court is an essential entity in influencing public policy. To do this, the Court can govern in a manner that can be described as either judicial activism or judicial restraint. Miranda v Arizona (1966) is a case pertaining to the area of public policy that regards the rights of the accused, wherein the Court followed a policy of judicial activism. Similarly, the Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States (1964) case concerns the matter of civil rights and can be classified as resulting from judicial activism. We will write a custom essay on Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Judicial activism is an act of judicial interpretation that results in the creation of a new law. Judicial activism is when the Court does not follow precedent but instead acts as a legislator to establish future precedent. Judicial restraint is just the opposite; it is an act of judicial interpretation where a limited judicial power is exercised. As a result of judicial restraint, the Court defines and strengthens laws are already in existence. With regard to the rights of the accused, the philosophy of judicial activism can be see can be seen in Miranda v Arizona (1966). Miranda was arrested as a suspect in the kidnapping and rape of an 18-year-old girl. While Miranda was questioned, he was not informed of his constitutional rights against self-incrimination or the right to counsel, and he ultimately confessed to the crime. Prosecutors offered his confession as evidence, and Miranda was found guilty. The case was brought to the Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, and presented the question of if interrogating individuals without notifying them of their right to counsel and their protection against self-incrimination violates the Fifth Amendment. The Supreme Court decided in favor of Miranda, and they held that prosecutors cannon use statements from interrogations unless they demonstrated procedural safeguards, which were later dubbed Miranda rights. Likewise, with regard to civil rights, the philosophy of judicial activism can bee seen in the Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States (1964). The owner of the Heart of Atlanta Motel refused to rent rooms to black patrons, which was a violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The owner sued on the grounds that the act surpassed the authority given to Congress to oversee matters of interstate commerce. The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, was presented with the question of if Title II of the 1964 Civil Rights Act exceeded Congress powers enumerated in the Commerce Clause. The Court upheld the legality of the law in a unanimous decision, asserting that Title II was limited to enterprises having a direct relation to the interstate flow of goods and people. The Supreme Court holds a powerful influence on public policy. When establishing policy, the Court is said to be following a role of judicial activism. When simply reaffirming a policy, it is said to be following a role of judicial restraint. In the case of Miranda v Arizona, the Courts actions can be classified under judicial activism. Similarly, in the case of Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States, the same distinction can be made of the Courts actions, of following a role of judicial activism as well. . Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res Essay Example For Students Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res Essay traintThe primary responsibility of the Supreme Court is to discuss and settle all matters that warrant federal attention. As a result, the Supreme Court is an essential entity in influencing public policy. To do this, the Court can govern in a manner that can be described as either judicial activism or judicial restraint. Miranda v Arizona (1966) is a case pertaining to the area of public policy that regards the rights of the accused, wherein the Court followed a policy of judicial activism. Similarly, the Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States (1964) case concerns the matter of civil rights and can be classified as resulting from judicial activism. Judicial activism is an act of judicial interpretation that results in the creation of a new law. Judicial activism is when the Court does not follow precedent but instead acts as a legislator to establish future precedent. Judicial restraint is just the opposite; it is an act of judicial interpretation where a limited judicial power is exercised. As a result of judicial restraint, the Court defines and strengthens laws are already in existence. We will write a custom essay on Supreme Court Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Res specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now With regard to the rights of the accused, the philosophy of judicial activism can be see can be seen in Miranda v Arizona (1966). Miranda was arrested as a suspect in the kidnapping and rape of an 18-year-old girl. While Miranda was questioned, he was not informed of his constitutional rights against self-incrimination or the right to counsel, and he ultimately confessed to the crime. Prosecutors offered his confession as evidence, and Miranda was found guilty. The case was brought to the Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, and presented the question of if interrogating individuals without notifying them of their right to counsel and their protection against self-incrimination violates the Fifth Amendment. The Supreme Court decided in favor of Miranda, and they held that prosecutors cannon use statements from interrogations unless they demonstrated procedural safeguards, which were later dubbed Miranda rights. Likewise, with regard to civil rights, the philosophy of judicial activism can bee seen in the Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States (1964). The owner of the Heart of Atlanta Motel refused to rent rooms to black patrons, which was a violation of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.The owner sued on the grounds that the act surpassed the authority given to Congress to oversee matters of interstate commerce. The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, was presented with the question of if Title II of the 1964 Civil Rights Act exceeded Congress powers enumerated in the Commerce Clause. The Court upheld the legality of the law in a unanimous decision, asserting that Title II was limited to enterprises having a direct relation to the interstate flow of goods and people. The Supreme Court holds a powerful influence on public policy. When establishing policy, the Court is said to be following a role of judicial activism. When simply reaffirming a policy, it is said to be following a role of judicial restraint. In the case of Miranda v Arizona, the Courts actions can be classified under judicial activism. Similarly, in the case of Heart of Atlanta Motel v United States, the same distinction can be made of the Courts actions, of following a role of judicial activism as well.

Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Violence among the LGBT Community

Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Violence among the LGBT Community Research indicates that there has been an increasing number of social exclusion and discrimination instances amongst the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender groups (LGBT).Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Discrimination, Social Exclusion and Violence among the LGBT Community specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In most cases this has resulted to violence (Meyer, 2008). Social exclusion can be defined as the process by which a group of people is discriminated against due to their sexual orientation, race and/or religion. The discrimination is evident in public places, the legal system or in places of residence. Social exclusion is experienced in all areas of life, from political and cultural to economical and it penetrates all areas of the social realm (Meyer, 2008). Social exclusion in particular seems to fulfill the concept of inequality in that it focuses on the inequalities between different groups. The differe nces in most instances are used as avenues of denying access to various services such as political offices, healthcare at times and access to education in terms of scholarships and education bursaries. LGBT community faces discrimination and most notably marginalization in many forms. The worst of the discrimination is violence or the gay killings that are found in many cities. Despite the constant murders, the law enforcers in many instances do not investigate these cases seriously due to public views on the same. In comparison to other killings with violence, few public outbursts result from gay killings. John and Elizabeth (2006) note that few people are willing to fully cooperate with the law enforcers after disclosing the identity of the murdered person or the location of crime, most of which are regarded as usual joints where gay men hook up with their partners (John Elizabeth, 2006). Additionally, only 31% of gay violence victims will report the incidence to the police and a bout 50% of the community have been victims of gay violence, most of them more than once in their life time (Helen, 2006). Meyer (2008) in his studies notes that 32% of the total gay community were subjected to violence, with 12% having faced black mail, 6% were exposed to vandalism and 4% received hate messages at one point in their life. The population, however, that is most at risk were the 18 years and below where almost 49% were victims of abuse and 61% had been harassed publicly like in colleges and embarrassed (Helen, 2006). Amongst the females, the main forms of violence and discrimination relate to their sexuality where 20% of males had been sexually harassed in comparison to 40% of the females (Helen, 2006).Advertising Looking for assessment on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the LGBT community is constantly faced with the casual homophobic views and comments and other inappro priate responses that emanate from health professionals. The community does not face any form of protection against discrimination either at work stations, housing pensions, or the recognition of the same-sex marriage. Despite the various campaigns advanced by the group, few people would willingly support a family member into an LGB relationship that would ultimately lead to marriage (Meyer, 2008). Few countries have legalized the LGB marriages and in most countries, especially the developing countries, the same sex partners are stoned to death or imprisoned for purportedly going against the constitution. In such instances very few human rights activists would emerge to fight for the rights of the LGBT community despite constant incidences where other human rights violations are committed. This clearly depicts the type of social exclusion the group goes through. The media, to some extent, has assisted propagate the discrimination and social exclusion where few of the media houses ta ke a clear stand on the issue. They also hardly educate the public on the same. References Helen, M. (2006). Out on your own. An examination of the mental health of young same-sex attracted men. Belfast: The Rainbow Project. Web. John D. , Elizabeth P. (2006). Envisaging the adoption process to strengthen gay- and lesbian-headed families: recommendations for adoption professionals. Child Welfare Journal, 85: 45-67 Meyer, I. (2008). Prejudice, social stress and mental health in lesbian, gay and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin 129(5): 674-697

Childrens Attachment Styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Childrens Attachment Styles - Essay Example According to Van Wagner (n.d.), "attachment is a special emotional relationship that involves an exchange of comfort, care, and pleasure". Attachment, which has branched out to many researches and studies have originated from John Bowlby's theory of attachment. That is, it is in human's nature to have the tendency to make strong emotional bonds and connections to particular individuals. Attachment styles that are attained in childhood can have a probable effect on how a child grows into adulthood. Through this theory, there is a better understanding of child development. Kassin (2004) defines styles of attachments as the secure and insecure attachment. These types of attachments were recognized after the "Strange Situation" test done on parents and their infants to test their reactions after a "separation and reunion" procedure. An infant with a secure attachment is secure when the parent is present. Although distressed by separation, there is no significant trouble when this happens. Upon reuniting with parents after separation, a securely attached child welcomes the parent positively. The insecure styles ... Though distressed if separated from parent or caregiver, the infant seems to feel no relief in the parent's return and may show hostility toward the parent. For the avoidant-insecure attached child, they tend to avoid parents. While they do not reject attention from parents, they also do not seek comfort from parents whenever scared or frightened. The avoidant-insecure attached child seems to have no preference between a stranger and the parent. On the other hand, the disorganized-insecure attached child seems to have a mixed reaction to their parents or caregiver that includes avoidance and resistance. Here, the child appears to show a hesitant or unsure behavior towards the parent or caregiver. After separation, the child probably might seek contact with the parent but will resist the comfort given by the parent. The child's confusing behavior could be caused by a parent being both a fear and reassurance figure to a child. While children do develop styles of attachment at infancy, there are a great many possibilities in how he behaves at adulthood. Ainsworth (1989) stresses in her research that "one must be alert on the fact that key changes in the nature of attachment may be occasioned by hormonal, neurophysiological, and cognitive changes and not merely by socioemotional experience" Here, Ainsworth extended the attachment theory throughout the life cycle to consider the developmental changes in children's attachment style towards parents or surrogate figures and other affectional bonds that he may develop towards others later in life. In another research by Bartholomew and Horowitz (1991), they proposed a new 4-group model of attachment styles at adulthood. Through

DESERT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

DESERT - Essay Example Deserts can be found across the world but the geographical areas are classified in four regions. The subtropics are the ones where most of the deserts around the world are found as these regions are immensely dry and their dryness is usually because of the circulation of hot and dry atmosphere. The second is the middle-latitude continental interiors which are arid regions and their aridity is mainly due to their far distances from the oceans. The deserts in these regions are cloudless and mostly have average temperatures of below-freezing in winters. The third is the leeward sides of mountains which covers the region of Southwest America. The clouds release the moisture on windward slopes of mountains, leaving dry air on the leeward side. The last are coastal areas where deserts are formed with the cold currents as they stabilize the air over the shore (Greenberger 132). The desert biome has many unique characteristics that make it different from rest of the biomes. The temperature at first is the most defining characteristic of a desert. The deserts are usually warm in the day as compared to nights but the differences of temperatures are very drastic. The average temperature at day time in a desert would be 100Â °F while at night it would be 25Â °F (Greenberger 133). This is a large temperature difference and it is because the moisture is very little in the desert air. Other unique characteristics are the lack of plantation and animal life in deserts. The plants which grow in deserts are unique such as the cactus which require low amount of water to survive. One of the major environmental problems in deserts is desertification which is an issue in the entire world. The main cause of desertification is humanly activities due to which desert areas are expanding. Some of the human activities that increase desertification are over farming, over grazing, poor irrigation systems, mining, and digging for search of fossil fuels (Greenberger 134). People who

Leadership interview business paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership interview business paper - Essay Example He carried along on the same lines, often doing two jobs in a day to support his family and education. Davis graduated with a degree in electronics engineering and went ahead to do his MBA. Throughout his education, he was always working part-time to take care of his siblings and mother. Right now, he has his own small company which is growing at an enormous pace and is already perceived to become more successful. With such great experience and personality aspects, I found him an ideal candidate for this interview. The questions I asked him were: His answers to my questions were all very brief, yet highly powerful. All of his answers were supported from practical knowledge and exposure and had no text-book touch to them. According to him, a leader is somebody who is standing in front of his people and controlling and directing them. A leader cannot be a person who sits in isolation in a corner. He needs to be there among people all the time. This is highly essential in gaining popularity and trust with his people. Having been a leader of a successful organization since 8 years, he considers this to be the major difference between leaders and managers. I learnt that leadership traits do not occur in a person by birth but are developed, since childhood, with the help of the environment around. If, at a very young age, a person is thrown up with difficult obstacles and told to cross them, this develops leadership skills in him. Moreover, when a person assumes responsibility of something, be it a house, younger siblings or a company, he automatically assumes the role of a leader. He believes training and education cannot make a successful leader, but can only polish the existing leadership skills in a person. An important point I learnt was that a leader needs to be loved by his people. The love can only come when the people trust him, respect him and are fond of him. A strict

Particle agglutination test

Particle agglutination test The presence of an antigen or anti-bodies in a blood sample can be found out using either the Particle Agglutination Test (PAT) or by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The PAT is performed using substances that will facilitate the process of agglutination. Agglutination is the clumping together of particles which forms non-dissolvable or what is called as insoluble aggregates. The common substances used in the PAT are latex particles, preserved blood cells from mammals or birds, colloidal particles, and gelatine beads. The different components used in the PAT are microscope slides or test cards and a solution that facilitates agglutination which is made up of molecules that are analyte-specific which is attached to a constituent part or particle. In a test using ELISA detects the presence of an antibody or antigen by affixing an undetermined amount of antigen to a test surface which in turn is washed by a specific antibody in order to attach it to the antigen. Because of this process the antibody becomes linked to an enzyme that will show a certain detectable signal after a substance is added to it during the final steps of the process. The signal emitted differs from what type of ELISA is used. For example a fluorescent ELISA a light of a correct wavelength that is shone on a sample will elicit a response from the antigen/antibody which will show incandescence. The antigens amount contained in the sample is then determined based on the intensity or magnitude of the samples incandescence. While the PAT relies on the clumping together of particles to show the presence of an antibody, the ELISA is a more complex test which can only be performed following very specific protocols or steps to perform. In ELISA an antigen with an undetermined amount is rendered immobile while place on a polystyrene microtiter plate or other substance that could provide a solid support and which does not interfere with the purity of the sample. The antigen is immobilized either by adsorption; the adhesion of molecules to a surface, or by capturing the particles of the antigen by another antibody that is particular to the same antigen. The process of adsorption is what is termed as non-specific immobilization while the capture of the antigen is what is termed as specific immobilization. After the immobilization of an antigen the next step is to add a detection antibody. The addition of this antibody results in the formation of a complex with the existing antigen. The detection antibody can either be linked directly to an enzyme, or it can be noticed by a secondary antibody that is connected to an enzyme by a process called bioconjugation this occurs when two biomolecules couple with each other in a chemical bonding wherein the two substances share pairs of electrons, or what is known as covalent bonding. In between each step of the process the plate used is washed in a solution of mild detergent so as to remove any antibodies or proteins that have not bonded specifically. After the plate undergoes its final wash it is then developed using an enzymatic substrate, which means the enzyme has a molecule which it acts on. This enzyme substrate when added will produce a noticeable signal indicating how much the quantity of an antigen is in a given sample. The PAT and ELISA are but two of the techniques used in laboratories in serology. Other techniques include gel diffusion tests, precipitation tests, agglutination tests to which PAT belongs, immunological tests with markers which ELISA is one of the tests, and lastly there is the immunosorbent electron microscopy. To further discuss the comparisons and contrasts of the ELISA and PAT let us discuss the general aspects of the two tests. As was mentioned above both ELISA and PAT are techniques used in serology to detect the presence of antibodies and antigens in a sample. However the two tests differ in the process or steps taken to obtain the same results. PAT is an agglutination test. This means that its primary method to determine the presence of antibodies is by inducing the clumping or joining together of molecules in the test sample by either by using substances that are inert which carry the antigens or antibodies, or by using polystyrene spheres infused with immunoglobulin molecules, or by observing the loss of activity of antigens or what is called as neutralization. What is observed by serologist when using PAT is the reaction called agglutination, which is a reaction that leads to the joining together or clumping of a specific antibody in a cell suspension as a reaction to a specific antigen. While in ELISA what is observed is not the reaction of an antibody to the antigen but the level of activity made by the substance or markers chemically bound together to the antigen and antibody which in turn indicates the antibody antigen reaction. The PAT test was one of the first serological methods that was developed and which helped pave the way for developing diagnostic techniques and countermeasures to diseases. One early agglutination test is the Widal agglutination. The Widal agglutination, which was named after Fernand Widal, aided in the diagnosis of typhoid fever by showing the presence of an antibody in a sample obtained from an infected patient, in reaction against the antigens of the Salmonella typhi. What the Widal test did was to increase the suspicion of infection because of the presence of agglutination caused by a rise in of antibodies during the period of infection. In the classic test for agglutination the process starts by placing a specimen in a microscope slide or a microtest plate well where the particles which act as carriers are added. This mixture is then stirred or disturbed and then it is given a few minutes to settle or is incubated. The results can be gleaned by observing agglutination as the carrier particles fuses or binds with the particular analytes contained in the sample. The results are seen visually by the naked eye or by using a microscope depending on the format of the test. Interpreting test results are relatively easy if the reactions are strong. But in cases where there is a weak or minor reactions interpretation is quite difficult and in most cases may depend upon the wealth of experience and practice one has. In microwell plate assays, the resulting patterns produced by the particles after it has settled need an educated interpretation before the result can be determined. The advantages of PAT are it is low cost, semi-quantitative tests results can be obtained, and test results are obtained in a relatively short span of time. The disadvantages are there is a need to be very careful in the interpretation of marginal results. There is also the disadvantage related to problems that may arise in relation to specificity because substances that may interfere in many assays. Unlike PAT, ELISA is a more reliable method which uses biochemicals to measure how much of a given substance in a biological liquid such as serum or urine mixes with another substance. This is done by means of the reaction that an antibody or antibodies has to its antigen which is a molecule that is identified by the immune system. The antigen always specifically binds itself to an antibody at the molecular level. Since ELISA can be used to test and identify the presence of an antigen or of an antibody in a sample, this method is a very useful tool to determine concentrations of serum antibodies such as when testing HIV and other viral diseases. ELISA is also helpful in determining potential allergens in food such as milk, eggs and nuts. ELISA is also used in toxicology as a presumptive screen that is used for particular classes of drugs. Since lab technicians, serologists, and other medical personnel conducting the PAT and ELISA tests are exposed to samples that might contain viral or bacterial strains, the need to ensure safety and also the purity of the samples through a high standard of quality necessitates developing certain protocols for laboratory work. Different hospitals and government departments dealing with lab samples have already developed their own manual or standards that must be observed while working with lab samples to ensure safety. The manual issued by the Industrial Accident Prevention Association identifies potential hazards inside the lab brought about by chemical and biological agents, physical agents, the equipment and apparatus, and doing work that results in non-ergonomic movement and postures. The manual also discusses the ways by which to control or lessen the danger posed by these hazards and what are the steps that should be taken to have a safe lab environment. The Mount Sinai Hospitals Microbiology Department also has its own guidelines and policies which specifically deal with laboratory safety. The manual discusses the safety policy of the hospital and what are the protocols to be observed. These protocols include dealing with visitors to the lab, what constitutes good lab practice, how to ensure biological safety, chemical safety, physical hazards, specimen hazards, and what control, emergency, and preventive measures should be followed to realize laboratory safety. These and other similar measures contained in other manuals may vary from lab to lab, but the essence remains the same; that is to promote safety and institute standards of work that ensures an accident and hazard free lab environment. REFERENCES: Adler M., Schulz S., and Spengler M., (n.d.). Cytokine Quantification in Drug Development: A comparison of sensitive immunoassay platforms. A case study conducted for Chimera-Biotech. Retrieved on March 29, 2010 from the World Wide Web: chimera-biotec.com/data/pdf/Cytokine_Quant_Comp_Final.pdf True K., (2004). Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum Antigen in Fish Tissue. (June 2004). NWFHS Laboratory Procedures Manual Second Edition. Chap.6 pp. 1-33. Retrieved on March 29, 2010 from the World Wide Web: www.fws.gov/canvfhc/WFSM/CHP6.pdf (N.d.). TECHNIQUES IN PLANT VIROLOGY CIP Training Manual 2.3 DETECTION/Serology. Retrieved on March 29, 2010 from the World Wide Web: www.cipotato.org/csd/materials/PVTechs/Fasc2.2.3(99).pdf Katti M., (1999). Ideal Carrier Particles for Agglutination Tests. (June 1999). JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Vol. 37, No. 6, p. 2120, 0095-1137/99/$04.0010. Retrieved on March 29, 2010 from the World Wide Web: jcm.asm.org/cgi/reprint/37/6/2120.pdf (2008). Laboratory Safety. Published by the Industrial Accident Prevention Association. Retrieved on March 29, 2010 from the World Wide Web: www.iapa.ca/pdf/labsafe.pdf

Blakes Voice of Freedom :: The Songs of Innocence and Experience Essays

Blake's Voice of Freedom Essay Question: â€Å"Blake’s voice is the voice of freedom.† Do you agree with this claim? Support your answer by reference to both Innocence and Experience. I strongly believe that ‘Blake’s voice is the voice of freedom’. As you read the poems in Songs of Innocence & Experience you get a strong sense of latitude. His poems really show the reader who William Blake was as a person. He expresses his dislike for authority, the monarchy and the church, but in a subtle way. He gives two versions of each poem, so that we can see it from a different point of view which, in my opinion, is a really clever thing to do. It shows how we, as humans, progress through our life from an innocent state of childhood into a more experienced adulthood. Normally, both versions of Blake’s poems subtly attack some form of organization. In his work, Blake develops a sort of philosophy and, central to this, is his belief in freedom. The Proverbs of Heaven and Hell really emphasise Blake’s outlook on life. These proverbs are often thought of as a more drastic version of the Ten Commandments, in the Bible. In these proverbs, Blake tries to show people the best way to live. One example of the proverbs is; â€Å"Sooner murder an infant in its cradle Than nurse unacted desires.† I don’t believe that in writing this proverb, Blake actually though murder was right, especially not murdering a baby. I think that he was just trying to express how much he believed in freedom, and free speech. He is basically saying that you should do what you want, when you want, or you will later regret not doing it. One of Blake’s most important poems, in my eyes, is ‘The Chimney Sweeper’. Both versions give us a real insight into Victorian London. It has a lot of historical background because, in those days, there really were young boys who were sold into a world where they had to fend for themselves, and clean dark chimneys for little or no money. To imagine that happening in London today is a truly horrifying thought. To think that families were so poor that they had no choice but to sell their sons is awful. Many of these boys died at a very young age and none of them had a bright future ahead of them. In ‘The Chimney Sweeper’, (in ‘Songs of Innocence’), we read about a small boy who has been forced into life as a sweep. Blake wrote; â€Å"And my father sold me while yet my tongue Could scarcely cry â€Å"’weep! ’weep! ’weep! ’weep!†

Corprate Global Strategy

Final Year Core Unit Corporate & Global Strategy Hemis Code: 5J3060 UNIT HANDBOOK 2011/2012 Tutors: Maria Allen Room 901d 0161 247 6527 m. [email  protected] ac. uk Carole Forbes Room 901a 0161 247 3830 c. [email  protected] ac. uk Dr. Panagiotis Kokkalis Room 808a 0161 247 6641 p. [email  protected] ac. uk Rationale Strategic management has become an integral mechanism for firms operating in the global economy, which is characterised by its high level of integration and cross-national operation. Strategic management issues relate to all aspects of an organisation, including its relationship with the environment and its internal processes. Accordingly, a vast amount of research has been conducted and published in the academic field of strategic management. Yet, far from showing a consensus, this literature is populated by a diversity of approaches, schools of thoughts, and paradigms. Understanding strategic management entails studying traditional and orthodox approaches to achieving and sustaining competitive advantage, as well as evaluating new and nnovative ways of organising and strategising in a global environment. Aims * To provide insights into the concepts relating to corporate and global strategy in the context of multinational, international and small to medium enterprises * To identify the impact of micro and macro influences on organisational strategising * To understand variables involved in strategic decision-making processes Unit Learning Outcomes On completing this unit, you should be able to: 1. Identify the key corporate and global level strategic management concepts. 2. Critique the concepts relating to the corporate and global levels of strategy in relation to a range of multinational and small to medium business enterprises. 3. Abstract from the global environment the key factors driving strategic change. 4. Critically evaluate the strategies of a range of enterprises involved in both manufacturing and service areas of business. 5. Measure the impact of global drivers on the operation and development of multinational enterprises. 6. Think creatively and develop the ability to recognise different strategic theories and practices in organisations. Assessment Coursework 40% comprising one element – an individual strategic analysis report assessing learning outcomes 2, 4, 5, 6. (See the brief below) Examination 60% – assessing learning outcomes 1, 2, 3, and 6 Assessment BA (HONS) BUSINESS MANAGEMENT BA (HONS) BUSINESS STUDIES COMBINED HONOURS CORPORATE AND GLOBAL STRATEGY You are required to conduct a strategic analysis of an international company of your choice. You should choose a company in which you have worked; have some knowledge, or one that has a high media profile. If you are in doubt about your choice of company, consult your tutor. You should use as the focus for your analysis a topic taken from the lecture programme and apply this to your chosen organisation to look at the particular aspects of the strategy within that organisation. However, this should be set in the context of the broader environment in which the organisation operates. It is important that you relate relevant theoretical frameworks to the empirical information (data) you have gathered in order to analyse, and not merely describe the organisation’s strategy. You should aim to evaluate the viability of the firm’s current strategy and make any recommendations for changes to the strategy that you consider to be appropriate. This analytical report should be no more than 3,500 words in length, should demonstrate your ability to identify and employ relevant academic concepts, theories and models, and should be fully referenced using the Harvard referencing system (refer to examples in handbook). Please attend the assignment preparation tutorials (see schedule below) where you will be provided with further information about the required content and scope of the work. In the event of a late submission, university regulations will apply. Submission date: Week commencing 16th January 2012 An assessment pro-forma is attached below for guidance. MANCHESTER METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL Course: BA (Hons) Business, BA Combined Honors; BA (Hons) Business Studies Year: FinalSubject: Corporate & Global Strategy| Assignment: Strategic AnalysisStudent:Tutor:| Mark:| 1st:(as 2. i +) creative, innovative, intellectual depth, extraordinary quality of work| 2. :competent, complete, insight & observation, analytical and critical, total clarity | 2. ii:adequate, good coverage, some sound analysis, allowable flaws | 3rd:just sufficient, some theory, some observation, flawed but not failing | Fail:Simply incomplete OR totally uncritical OR no analysis OR inadequate material| THE INTRODUCTION sets the scene; and it indicates the areas to be covered, and in what order. | 1st 2. i 2. ii 3rd Fail| | THE LITERATURE/SOURCES/ surveyed is adequate in amount and qu ality, & is relevant to the selected topic. 1st 2. i 2. ii 3rd Fail| | The DEPTH OF ANALYSIS is sufficient, with a critical approach; underlying concepts are investigated. No unsupported statements: there is evidence for substantial arguments. | 1st 2. i 2. ii 3rd Fail| | THE APPLICATION OF RELEVANT MODELS has an appropriate focus in the analysis of the specific company. | 1st 2. i 2. ii 3rd Fail | | THE CONCLUSIONS, drawn from the analysis are realistic and intelligent| 1st 2. i 2. i 3rd Fail| | As an ACADEMIC REPORT, the language is appropriate, the structure is clear and manifest, & correct forms of academic referencing are used. | 1st 2. i 2. ii 3rd Fail| | Other comments: Teaching and Learning Strategy Learning will be through a mixture of lectures, seminars, discussions, reading and video material. Students will be encouraged to debate concepts and apply them to practical business situations and their own business experiences. Lectures will be complemented by seminars in which students have the pportunity to apply the theoretical frameworks that are covered in the lectures and gain an in-depth understanding of individual publications in this area. Seminars will take the form of group work, student presentations and discussions (focused on textbook material and journal articles) case studies and feedback. Tutorials The tutorials are intended to provide students with the opportunity to gain a more in-depth understanding of academic studies and apply theoretical frameworks to the analysis of real-world organisations. Tutorials take place every week and usually consist of group discussion and group presentations where appropriate. Students will be expected to prepare for the tutorials by undertaking their own research and carrying out the designated reading. Where students are allocated a specific article/paper/chapter to prepare, they should summarise it, present the main points and then comment on/critique it. To effectively critique the piece, students should research and read around the topic. It is expected that all students will read and prepare for these tutorials and contribute actively to them. The recommended textbook is Bob de Wit & Ron Meyer ‘Strategy Process, Content’, Context, an International Perspective’ 4th Edition, Thomson. Some of the designated preparatory reading chapters will be from this text. However, the recommended textbook does not cover every aspect of the unit and additional reading from books and journal articles are indicated for the relevant topics, to support the content of each lecture and the tutorial discussions. The following programme is indicative only; the order, specific content, activities and allocated readings are subject to change and amendments. Week/C| Lectures| Tutorials| Preparatory reading| Term 126 Sept| 1. Introduction to course aims and objectives, content review teaching/learning arrangements, assignment and assessmentCarole Forbes/Maria Allen/Panagiotis Kokkalis| No Tutorial| Practice accessing journal articles from the library electronic resources and Google scholar. Look for:Porter, M. E. (1996)Whittington, R. 2004)| 3 Oct| 2. Origins and ‘nature’ of Strategy. Panagiotis Kokkalis| Groups forming. Introduction to critical analysis. | Read: Porter (1996) Whittington (2004)| 10 Oct| 3. Theory of the firm and entrepreneurship theory Panagiotis Kokkalis| Origins of strategy Readings discussion| Origins of strategy Readings:Porter (1996) Whittington (2004)| 17 Oct| 4. Strategy formationPanagiotis Kokkalis| Assignment workshop 1| Decide on a topic and a companyCHANG E IS EXCLUDED. | 24 Oct| 5. RBVPanagiotis Kokkalis| Strategy formationReadings discussion| Strategy formation. Readings:Mintzberg and McHugh, (1985)| 31 OCT – 4 NOV – RED WEEK| Week/C| Lectures| Tutorials| Preparatory reading| 7 Nov| 6. Competences and CapabilitiesCarole Forbes| Strategy FormationReadings discussion| Strategy FormationReadings:Hodgkinson and Clarke (2007)| 14 Nov| 7. KnowledgePanagiotis Kokkalis| Resource Based ViewReadings discussion | Resource Based ViewReading:Barney (1991)| 21 Nov| 8. Strategic ThinkingPanagiotis Kokkalis| Competences and CapabilitiesReadings discussion| Competences and CapabilitiesReadings:Teece et. al. (1997)| 28 Nov| 9. LeadershipMaria Allen| Knowledge Based ViewReadings discussion| Kowledge Based ViewReadings:Nonaka (1994)| 5 Dec| 10. The International ContextMaria Allen| Workshop| Draft report| 12 Dec| No Lectures on this course| Drop In| | 16 DEC – 9 JAN 2012 – CHRISTMAS BREAK| | Lectures| Tutorials| Preparatory reading| Term2201209 Jan| 11. Drivers of Globalisation and FDIMaria Allen| Knowledge Based ViewReadings discussion| Knowledge Based ViewReadings:Szulanski (1996)| 16 Jan| 12. Strategic AlliancesCarole Forbes ASSIGNMENT DUE| LeadershipReadings discussion| LeadershipReadings:Cyert (1990)| 23 Jan| 13. Structure of industries and markets and the general government and business contextMaria Allen| LeadershipReadings discussion| LeadershipReadings:Case Study: Strategic Leadership and innovation at Apple Inc. Heracleous and Papachroni (2009)Page 681 DeWit and Meyer| 30 Jan| 14. Strategic ChangeCarole Forbes| GlobalisationReadings discussion| GlobalisationReadings:Levitt (1983)| 06 Feb| 15. Strategy as practice, ANT, CoPPanagiotis Kokkalis| GlobalisationReadings discussion| GlobalisationReadings:Douglas and Wind (1987)| 13 – 17 FEB – RED WEEK| Week/C| Lectures| Tutorials| Preparatory reading| 20 Feb| 16. Visiting Lecturer or Corporate Strategy| AlliancesReadings discussion| AlliancesReading:Koza and Lewin (1998)| 05March| 17. Organisational purpose & StakeholdersCarole Forbes| AlliancesReadings discussion| AlliancesReading:Gulati et al (2000)| 12March| 18. Corporate Strategy or Q& ACarole Forbes| Structure of industries and marketsReadings discussion| Structure of industries and marketsReading:Miller and Friesen (1983) | 19 March| 19. Exam RevisionCarole Forbes| Structure of industries and marketsReadings discussion| Structure of industries and marketsReading:Selsky et al (2007)| 26 March| 20. Exam RevisionCarole Forbes| Drop in | | 26 MARCH – 09 APRIL – EASTER VACATION | (The references for the authors shown in the programme are listed at the end of this handbook) The Recommended Textbook: Bob de Wit & Ron Meyer, Strategy, Process Content Context an International Perspective, Cengage Learning, 4th Ed. Journals Harvard Business Review Academy of Management Journal Academy of Management Review Long Range Planning Strategic Management Journal Recommended Reading Origins and Nature of Strategy Porter, M. E. (1996) ‘What is strategy? ‘, Harvard Business Review, November/December 61-78. Whittington, R. (2004) ‘Strategy after modernism: recovering practice', European Management Review, 1 62-68. Clegg, S. , Carter, C. and Kornberger, M. (2004) †Get up, I feel like being a strategy machine†, European Management Review, 1 (1), 21. Andrews, K. (1998) The concept of corporate strategy. In Strategy: Process, Content, Context (Eds, de Wit, B. and Meyer, R. ) Thomson Learning, London, pp. 86-93. Evered, R. (1983) ‘So what is strategy? ‘, Long Range Planning, 16 (3), 57. Cornelissen, J. A. (1977) ‘Corporate Strategy in the Eighties', Long Range Planning, 10 Oct. , 2. Campbell, A. and Alexander, M. (1997) ‘What's wrong with strategy? ‘, Harvard Business Review, November-December 39-52. Chaffee, E. E. (1985) ‘Three models of strategy', Academy of Management Review, 10 (1), 89-98. Hambrick, D. C. and Fredrickson, J. W. (2001) ‘Are you sure you have a strategy? ‘, The Academy of Management Executive, 15 (4), 48-59. Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G. (1994) ‘Strategy as a field of study: why search for a new paradigm', Strategic Management Journal, 15 5-16. Huff, A. S. (2001) ‘The continuing relevance of strategy', Human Relations, 54 (1), 123-130. Barry, D. and Elmes, M. (1997) ‘Strategy retold: towards a narrative view of strategic discourse', Academy of Management Review, 22 (2), 429-452. Theory of the firm and entrepreneurship theory Seth, A. and Thomas, H. (1994) ‘Theories of the firm: Implications for strategy research', The Journal of Management Studies, 31 (2), 165-193. Spender, J. C. (1996) ‘Organizational knowledge, learning and memory: three concepts in search of theory ‘, Journal of Organizational Change, 9 (1), 63-78. Grant, R. M. (1996) ‘Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm', Strategic Management Journal, 17 (Winter Special Issue), 109-131. Spender, J. C. and Grant, R. M. (1996) ‘Knowledge and the firm: Overview', Strategic Management Journal, 17 5. Lawrence, T. B. (1999) ‘Institutional strategy', Journal of Management, 25 (2), 161-188. Tsoukas, H. (1996) ‘The firm as a distributed knowledge system: a constructionist approach', Strategic Management Journal, 17 (Winter Special Issue), 11-23. Hodgkinson, G. P. and Clarke, I. 2007) ‘Conceptual note: Exploring the cognitive significance of organizational strategizing: A dual-process framework and research agenda', Human Relations, 60 (1), 243-255. Denis, J. -L. , Langley, A. and Rouleau, L. (2007) ‘Strategizing in pluralistic contexts: Rethinking theoretical frames', Human Relations, 60 (1), 179-215. Strategy Formation Mintzberg, H. and McHugh, A. (1985) ‘Strategy formation in an adhocracy', Administra tive Science Quarterly, 30 (2), 160-197. Grant, R. M. (2003) ‘Strategic planning in a turbulent environment: evidence from the oil majors', Strategic Management Journal, 24 491-517. Hart, S. L. nd Banbury, C. (1994) ‘How strategy-making processes can make a difference', Strategic Management Journal, 15 (4), 251-269. Mintzberg, H. (1990a) ‘The design school: reconsidering the basic premises of strategic management', Strategic Management Journal, 11 (3), 171-195. Prahalad, C. K. and Hamel, G. (1994) ‘Strategy as a field of study: why search for a new paradigm', Strategic Management Journal, 15 5-16. Mintzberg, H. (1994) ‘The fall and rise of strategic planning', Harvard Business Review, 72 (1), 107. Ansoff, I. H. (1965) Corporate strategy, revised edition, McGraw-Hill, New York Ansoff, I. H. (1991) ‘Critique of Henry Mintzberg's ‘the design school: Reconsidering the basic premises of strategic management†, Strategic Management Journal, 12 (6), 449-461. Bowman, C. , Ward, K. and Kakabadse, A. (2002) ‘Congruent, divergent and incoherent corporate level strategies', European Management Journal, 20 Dec, 671-679. Mintzberg, H. and Waters, J. A. (1985) ‘Of strategies, deliberate and emergent', Strategic Management Journal, 6 257-272. Mintzberg, H. (1990b) Strategy formation schools of thought. In Perspectives on strategic management (Ed, Fredrickson, J. W. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT, pp. 188-209. Mintzberg, H. (1987) ‘Crafting strategy', Harvard Business Review, 65 (1), 66-75. Mintzberg, H. and Lampel, J. (1999) ‘Reflecting on the strategy process', Sloan Management Review, 40 (3), 21-30. Hodgkinson, G. P. and Clarke, I. (2007) ‘Conceptual note: Exploring the cognitive significance of organizational strategizing: A dual-process framework and research agenda', Human Relations, 60 (1), 243-255. Resource Based View Barney, J. B. (1991) ‘Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage', Journal of Management, 17 (1), 99-120. Mahoney, J. T. (2001) ‘A resource-based theory of sustainable rents', Journal of Management, 27 (6), 651-660. Wernerfelt, B. (1984) ‘A resource-based view of the firm', Strategic Management Journal, 5 171-180. Teece, D. J. , Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. (1997) ‘Dynamic capabilities and strategic management', Strategic Management Journal, 18 (7), 509-533. Campbell-Hunt, C. (2000) ‘What have we learned about generic competitive strategy? A meta-analysis', Strategic Management Journal, 21 (2), 127-154. Competences and Capabilities Teece, D. J. , Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. 1997) ‘Dynamic capabilities and strategic management', Strategic Management Journal, 18 (7), 509-533. Eisenhardt, K. M. and Martin, J. A. (2000) ‘Dynamic capabilities: what are they? ‘, Strategic Management Journal, 21 (10-11), 1105-1121. Knowledge Tsoukas, H. and Vladimirou, E. (2001) ‘What is organizational knowledge? ‘, Journal of Management Studies, 38 (7), 973-993. W enger, E. (2004) ‘Knowledge management as a doughnut: shaping you knowledge strategy through communities of practice', Ivey Business Journal, January/February 1-8. Nonaka, I. (1994) A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organisation Science, 5 (1), 14 – 37. Szulanski, G. (1996). Exploring Internal Stickiness: Impediments to the Transfer of Best Practice Within the Firm. 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The International Context and Drivers of Globalisation and FDI Maguire, S. nd Hardy, C. (2006) ‘The Emergence of New Global Institutions: A Discursive Perspective', Organization Studies, 27 (1), 7. Geppert, M. and Matten, D. (2006) ‘Institutional Influences on Manufacturing Organization in Multinational Corporations: The ‘Cherrypicking' Approach', Organization Studies, 27 (4), 491. Vaara, E. , Tienari, J. and Laurila, J. (2005) ‘Pulp and paper fiction: on the discursive legitimisation of global industrial restructuring', Organization Studies. Douglas, S. P. and Wind, Y. (1987) ‘The myth of globalization', Columbia Journal of World Business, 22 (4), 19-29. Tong, T. W. , Alessandri, T. M. , Reuer, J. J. and Chintakananda, A. (2008) ‘How much does country matter? an analysis of firms’ growth options', Journal of International Business Studies, 39 387-405. Theodosiou, M. and Leonidou, L. C. 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(1998) ‘The co-evolution of strategic alliances', Organization Science, 9 (3), 255-264. Sydow, J. (2006) ‘Managing to Collaborate: The Theory and Practice of Collaborative Advantage', Organization Studies, 27 (4), 605. Steven White, S. S. -Y. L. (2005) ‘Distinguishing costs of cooperation and control in alliances', Strategic Management Journal, 26 (10), 913-932. Kanter, R. M. (1994) ‘Collaborative Advantage: The Art of Alliances', Harvard Business Review, 72 (4), 96-108. Structure of industries and markets and the general government and business context Miller, D. and Friesen, P. H. (1983) ‘Strategy-making and environment: The third link', Strategic Management Journal, 4 (3), 221-235. Selsky, J. W. , Goes, J. and Baburoglu, O. N. (2007) ‘Contrasting Perspectives of Strategy Making: Applications in ‘Hyper' Environments', Organization Studies, 28 (1), 71-94. Bourgeois, L. J. (1980) ‘Strategy and environment: a conceptual integration', Academy of Management Review, 5 (1), 25-39. Strategy as practice, ANT, CoP Hendry, J. (2000) ‘Strategic decision-making, discourse, and strategy as social practice', Journal of Management Studies, 37 (7), 955–977. Moisander, J. and Stenfos, S. 2009) ‘Exploring the edges of theory-practice gap: epistemic cultures in strategy-tool development and use', Organization, 16 (2), 227-247. Hutzschenreuter, T. and Kleindienst, I. (2006) ‘Strategy-process research: what we have learned and what is still to be explored', Journal of Management 32 (5), 673-720. Hendry, J. (2000) ‘Strategic decision-making, discourse, and strategy as social practice', Journal of Management Studies, 37 (7), 955–977. Organisational Purpose and Stakeholders Augier, M. and March, j. g. (2001) ‘Conflict of interest in theories of the organization: Herbert A. Simon and Oliver E. Williamson', Journal of Management and Governance, 5 (3/4), 223-230. Williamson, O. E. and Haas, W. A. (1999 ) ‘Strategy research: Governance and competence perspectives', Strategic Management Journal, 20 (12), 1087-1108. Huff, A. S. (2000) ‘Changes in organizational knowledge production', Academy of Management Review, 25 (2), 288-293. Rocha, H. O. and Ghoshal, S. (2006) ‘Beyond self-interest revisited', Journal of Management Studies, 43 (3), 585-61. MMUBS’ referencing standard Examples of references for different source materials using MMUBS’ referencing standard (a style of the Harvard system of referencing) A document is available (electronically in your Moodle areas) providing instruction on applying the MMUBS Harvard referencing standard to your work – this includes detailed instruction on how to cite from and reference different sources. Book Huczynski, A. A. and Buchanan, D. A. (2007) Organizational behaviour: An introductory text. 6th ed. , Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Book chapter Gordon, R. , Druckman, D. , Rozelle, R. and Baxter, J. (2006) ‘Non-verbal behaviour as communication: Approaches, issues and research. ’ In: O. Hargie. (Ed. ) The handbook of communication skills. London: Routledge, pp. 73-119. Journal article Hass, M. (2006) ‘Knowledge Gathering, Team Capabilities, and Project Performance in Challenging Work Environments. ’ Management science, Vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 1170-1184. Internet source – author Kennedy, J. (2008) Contract Killer. Directory of Social Change [Online] [Accessed on 6th August 2008] http://www. dsc. org. uk/NewsandInformation/News/Contractshindercharities Internet source – organisation Business in the Community. (2008) Skills boost for North West companies. [Online] [Accessed on 5th August 2008] http://www. bitc. org. k/news_media/skills_boost_for. html Newspaper article – paper copy Milmo, D. (2008) ‘Ryanair launches price war as sales slump. ’ The Guardian. 8th August. p25. Newspaper article – Internet copy Wray, R. (2008) ‘Sony buys Bertelsmann out of joint music business. ’ The Guardian. [Online] 6th August. [Accessed on 11th August 2008] http://www. guardi an. co. uk/business/2008/aug/06/musicindustry. sony Government command paper Department of Trade and Industry. (2005) Our energy future: Creating a low carbon economy. Cmnd. 5761, London: TSO. Act of Parliament Companies Act 2006. (c. 46) London: HMSO. Dissertation Paucar-Caceres, A. (2006) Business culture and management science methodologies in England and France. Ph. D. Manchester Metropolitan University. introductory text. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. (For instruction on citing secondary sources, see the referencing standard document for MMUBS) Report ECOTEC. (2003) Guidance on Mapping Social Enterprise: Final Report to the DTI Social Enterprise Unit. London: ECOTEC Research and Consulting Ltd. (C2453). (When referencing a report, if there is no report code or number on the report that you have used, leave this field blank. )

The Bauhaus †A Modernist School in Germany

The Bauhaus – A Modernist School in Germany Free Online Research Papers The Bauhaus was a modernist school in Germany that played an instrumental role early in the twentieth century in shaping today’s modern tastes and art education. At a time when industrial society was in the grip of a crisis, the Bauhaus questioned the ideas of traditional design and asked themself how the modernisation process could be mastered through design and architecture. It was founded in1919 and headed by Walter Gropuis, with a faculty including Paul Klee, Lyonel Feininger, Wassily Kandinsky and Marcel Breuer. The Bauhaus began with a Utopian definition: â€Å"The building of the future†, trying to combine all arts in ideal unity. The Bauhaus was a reaction to social changes that captured the spirit of change in a young generation willing to rebuild a bankrupt post-world war 1 Germany. The influence of the end of world war 1 had and impact on the Bauhaus and there approach, ideas and art making. After world war 1 industrial art was no longer and individualistic phenomenon. It was here in 1919 that a new revolution of art took place that dealt with life with an aesthetic approach. In 1923, the Bauhaus reacted with a changed program, with a major exhibition which was to mark it’s future image under the motto: â€Å"art and technology a new unity†. This exhibition provided a glimpse of a residential building of the future. The Bauhaus educated, by developing workshops and courses that all who entered the school must attend. The characteristics of different materials, their form, texture and suitability for art were discussed during worships. Structure, composition, colour and use of light became ob jects of study. Three-dimensional objects that were seen as functional were often created and primary colours were used. The Bauhaus style was characterised by a serve geometrical form, and by design that took into account the nature of the materials being used. Bauhaus designs and buildings were functional, with a clean, geometry style line. In 1925 the Bauhaus moved to Dessau, Germany. On the basis of his experiences gained at the Weimar Bauhaus, Gropius talked about the aims he had for the Bauhaus in 1925 and what they were trying to achieve. He said â€Å" Bauhaus wishes to serve the actual development of the housing, from simple utensils to the complete dwelling house. Bauhaus tries to find the form of every object in it’s natural functions and presuppositions by systematically experimenting in theory and practice. The result are forms that differing from the common ones often feel strange and startling†. During this year and around the 1927 many things were going on in Germany that influenced the way the Bauhaus sort to interpreted the world. The greatest advances in research took place in Germany, the country began to grow in technology, science and wealth launching the first liquid-fuelled rocket. On the 1st of April 1928 Walter Gropius resigned as Director of the Bauhaus and return to private architectural practice, as a result of the constant struggle and pressure for the Bauhaus’ survival. His successor was the Swiss architect Hannes Meyer who was replaced in 1930 as he failed as a leader due to political disagreements within the Bauhaus. German architect Ludwig Van der Rohe was invited as director and the Bauhaus approached a type of ‘ vocational university†. It began to loose the support from Dessau so the school was then moved to Berlin where it became hated by the Nazis for it’s ideas and different approaches taken. With the Great Depression beginning in 1930 and spreading across the world most of Europe was in political and economic shambles. However during this time the Nazis’ rose in Germany with it’s own dreams of conquest and a superior race, at this stage the Bauhaus became stronger expressing ideas and new forms of art. As a result of Germany being dictated by Adolf Hitler and the degeneration of culture, the Bauhaus under pressure from the Nazis was closed by police on the 11th of April, 1933. The Bauhaus was a very influential group of artists that changed the way of traditional art forms and sought to interpret the world in new ways. The significance and influence of the Bauhaus is still being carried on today, this can be seen in many cities, with their geometrical buildings and the use of glass windows. This group of artists and school interpreted the world in new ways through their unusual aims and goals. The school had three main aims that stayed basically the same throughout the life of the Bauhaus even though the direction of the school changed significantly and repeatedly. the first aim of the school was to â€Å"rescue all of the arts from the isolation in which each then found itself†, to encourage the individual artists and craftsmen to work co-operatively and combine all of their skills. Secondly, the school set out to promote crafts, chairs, lamps, teapots, to the same level enjoyed by fine arts, painting and sculpting. the third aim was to renew architecture and unify all of the creative arts in architecture. Above all the intention with Bauhaus was to develop creative minds for architecture and thus influence them so they would be able to produce artistically, technically and practically balanced utensils. These aims and intentions were the basis of the Bauhaus that began to influence our lives i mmensely in ways that most people probably take for granted. 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Getting into Editing as a Writer

Getting into Editing as a Writer Many writers expand their services to offer more than writing; are you a writer wanting to become an editor? Here’s how to pick up your first jobs and start editing away†¦ Associations and more Join editorial societies like the  Editorial Freelance Association  (EFA),  Society for Editing  (ACES),  Editors’ Association of Canada, and the  Society for Editors and Proofreaders  (UK) . They put you in touch with fellow professionals and clients through association job boards – and underwrite your capabilities as an editor. Rates and payments Suggested editing rates can be found at the  Editorial Freelance Association  (EFA, USA), the  Society for Editors and Proofreaders  (SFEP, UK) and the  South African Freelancers Association(SAFREA, ZAR). Stick to the market average: Not too low and not too high. Rates also depend on the project’s size, the level of editing needed and the editing type – specialized editing pays more. Insist on a deposit upfront for first-time clients and get the terms in writing. (Hourly Editing Rates Calculator) Types of editing†¦ Editors can specialize in nonfiction, short fiction, novels or

Privacy and surveillance in the Information Age Essay

Privacy and surveillance in the Information Age - Essay Example According to Nissenbaum (1998, p.4), information technology has not only affected communication, but has actually led to a need to redefine privacy. With increasing surveillance and information recording, personal privacy is taking a new direction. According to Nock (1993) the cost of surveillance is personal privacy and the American public has to trade between privacy and security. The biggest turn in information technology came at about the mid of 20th century with the invention of the electronic computer. As soon as the computer was invented, it was used by governments and large corporations for information capture, storage and analysis. Information technology did not only help in increasing the way information is captured and stored, but also in the way the same information can be analyzed as well as manipulated (Hughes, 2004, p.78). As a result, the role of the government and private corporations can in safeguarding information has increased and has also taken a new course. Information stored in computes is easier to disseminate and can be accessed from remote access points. This leads to the risk of losing this information to hackers and this can lead to private information being disseminated by unauthorized personnel. Information and communication technology has changed the way people communicate and carry out their daily social, political and economic activities. With the arrival of computers and the internet, communication has always increased, and people are today better able to communicate. Business transactions have taken a new route as private firms can now easily capture, analyze and disseminate different formats of communication and information. A good example of this is the US based international retail giant Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart has been able to develop a system based in computers and wide area network that is able to capture information from all the retail stores and then sending this information to a central database where the

Teaching masculinity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Teaching masculinity - Essay Example This paper caters to the question of development of masculinity in young boys through the system of education, and discusses how the concept of gender shapes the existing pedagogy and the democracy of the country. Nature of masculinity The social position of women has been a debatable topic all around the world. The topics on the system of education for girls, their social status and the availability of facilities for them have been put on the table. This issue has an obvious counterpart. If the system of relations is questioned form one side, the other side comes under focus automatically. The question could not inevitably â€Å"be confined to women and girls† (Connell, 2008, pp. 131). The established concept of ‘manhood’ is subject to the changes of time. ‘Manhood’ is bound by the nature of masculinity, practices that are seen as gender specific and deemed appropriate for the male and the preset ideologies. But while the social relations are questio ned, different aspects come under the circumference of the debate. Educational issues are a major part of the debate. The concept of gender has been a part of the pedagogical experiences of the schools and other educational institutions. The pedagogy is based upon the society that houses and rears the boys to make them become what they are. In this concept a vast range of concerns have to be addressed, starting from â€Å"men’s and boys’ health to men’s domestic and military violence† (Connell, 2008, pp. 1